This week I researched which local urban wildlife are native to Oregon and, if they are not, where they came from. The first is the nutria, which I learned is not native to Oregon and instead is from South America. They were brought here anywhere from the late 19th century to the early 20th century (my sources were inconsistent) because of the value of their fur, but shortly after their introduction the value went down and so they were released into the wild. In one attempt to decrease their population, it was legal to eat their meat. The next species are crows, which I learned are native to Oregon and North America in general. They are one of the few animals to have their population increase since the introduction of European settlers. This is partially because of their adaptability to the industrialized spaces we have created. The thirds species is squirrels, which are actually a mix of native and invasive depending on the species. Two species in particular, the Western Grey Squirrel and the Eastern Grey Squirrel, look similar, though only the Western Grey Squirrel is native to Oregon. The invasive squirrels' populations are able to overtake native species as they are able to persevere with less habitat. According to law, you can also not purposefully move squirrels off of your property, as this risks allowing invasive squirrels to reach more areas. Eastern Grey Squirrels are native to North America, but from the Eastern states. The final animal I wanted to investigate was raccoons, and I found out they are native to Oregon.
I was definitely surprised by some of my findings, especially that raccoons are native to the region while some squirrels are not. With the squirrels in particular, it did make me sad to read about the different species as I have for sure seen more of the invasive ones than the native ones (and am not sure if I have ever seen a native squirrel before). This post was not as challenging as some of the other information I have learned, as there were some positive things that I learned like how crows are native and their population is increasing. I thought for sure that since they are so common that they would be invasive. Similar to learning about native plants for my Eco Change Project, I feel much more informed now about my surroundings and hope that the native plants I put in my garden will help create habitats for more diverse species. We have a fig tree in our yard that, when in bloom during spring and summer, usually houses a family of raccoons. Instead of seeing them as somewhat scary now (I am always afraid they might bite me), I can view them in a more grateful light for being a part of the natural ecosystem of Portland. I also want to keep an eye out for the kinds of squirrels that might be in the PSU park blocks, as that is where I see the most of them. I believe I have seen mostly Eastern Grey Squirrels there, but perhaps if I am persistent enough I can see one of the more native species either here or more outside of town. Finally, I have actually not seen many nutria in Portland. I used to live near a marshy area and saw a few of them there, which makes sense because they thrive in marshes, but maybe their population is going down, especially since I know many Portlanders who have never heard of them before.
My Sources:
1. "Nutria" by Jessica Rondema on Oregon Encyclopedia https://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/nutria/
2. "Nutria, an Invasive Rodent" from the United States Department of Agriculture https://www.aphis.usda.gov/sites/default/files/fsc-nutria-invasive-rodent.pdf
3. "Crows, Jays, and Magpies" from the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife https://myodfw.com/wildlife-viewing/species/crows-jays-and-magpies
4. "Urban Crows" from the Bird Alliance of Oregon https://birdallianceoregon.org/our-work/rehabilitate-wildlife/having-a-wildlife-problem/urban-crows/
5. "Living with Wildlife: Tree Squirrels" from the Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife https://www.dfw.state.or.us/wildlife/living_with/docs/TreeSquirrels.pdf
6. "Eastern grey squirrel" from Invasive Species Council of BC https://bcinvasives.ca/invasives/eastern-grey-squirrel/
7. "Raccoons" from Think Wild https://www.thinkwildco.org/raccoons/